Basic Nouns

1. Вода

   Vo-da

   Water

   Usage

   The basic word for drinking water; works with pointing

   Grammar Note

   Bulgarian has lost noun case; there is one form. The definite article is suffixed: вода → водата.

2. Храна

   Hra-na

   Food

   Usage

   The general word when you are looking for something to eat

3. Пари

   Pa-ri

   Money

   Usage

   Comes up when paying or changing currency

   Grammar Note

   "Пари" is used only in the plural.

4. Тоалетна

   To-a-let-na

   Toilet

   Usage

   The word alone is enough to ask for directions

5. Носни кърпички

   NOS-ni kar-PICH-ki

   Tissue

   Usage

   For asking at a shop or a diner

6. Лекарство

   Le-kar-stvo

   Medicine

   Usage

   The core word at a pharmacy, paired with your symptom

7. Багаж

   Ba-gazh

   Luggage

   Usage

   For checking in, picking up, or storing bags

8. Ключ

   Klyuch

   Key

   Usage

   For collecting or returning it at hotel reception

9. Билет

   Bi-let

   Ticket

   Usage

   The base word for transport and admission tickets

10. Паспорт

    Pas-port

    Passport

    Usage

    Comes up at every check-in and border control

11. Телефон

    Te-le-fon

    Phone

    Usage

    Refers to the device and to making a call

12. Зарядно устройство

    Za-ryad-no ust-roy-stvo

    Charger

    Usage

    When you want to borrow one at a hotel or café

13. Гара

    Ga-ra

    Station

    Usage

    The easiest landmark to name when asking directions

14. Болница

    Bol-ni-tsa

    Hospital

    Usage

    The first word you need if you fall ill

15. Полиция

    Po-li-tsi-ya

    Police

    Usage

    For theft or accidents; the word alone gets help

16. Магазин

    Ma-ga-zin

    Shop

    Usage

    The general word when hunting for somewhere to buy things

17. Стая

    Sta-ya

    Room

    Usage

    For negotiating a stay or confirming a room number

18. Път

    Pat

    Road

    Usage

    Used when asking directions, often over a map

19. Семейство

    Se-mey-stvo

    Family

    Usage

    Comes up in small talk about who you are travelling with

20. Име

    I-me

    Name

    Usage

    For confirming a booking or introducing yourself

21. Глава

    Gla-va

    Head

    Usage

    Point out where it hurts; the same word also means a book chapter, so touch your head as you show it

22. Око

    O-ko

    Eye

    Usage

    Points out the eye; the plural is irregular — "очи"

23. Зъб

    Zab

    Tooth

    Usage

    Point to this for toothache; a dentist is a "зъболекар"

24. Гърло

    Gar-lo

    Throat

    Usage

    The inside of the throat; the outside of the neck is a separate word, "врат"

25. Корем

    Ko-rem

    Belly / abdomen

    Usage

    The abdomen as a whole; the stomach organ is "стомах"

26. Гръб

    Grab

    Back

    Usage

    The back as a whole; the lower back is a separate word, "кръст"

27. Кръст

    Krast

    Lower back / waist

    Usage

    The site of lower-back pain; the same word also means "cross" (crucifix), so put your hand on your lower back as you show it

28. Крак

    Krak

    Leg / foot

    Usage

    Bulgarian uses one word for both leg and foot — point at the exact spot; the foot alone is "стъпало"

29. Ръка

    Ra-ka

    Hand / arm

    Usage

    Bulgarian uses one word for both arm and hand — point at the exact spot; the palm alone is "длан"

30. Гръден кош

    Gra-den kosh

    Chest

    Usage

    For chest pain — the anatomical "ribcage" term, chosen to avoid "гърди", which also means breasts

31. Пожарна кола

    Po-zhar-na ko-la

    Fire engine

    Usage

    The fire engine that comes to a fire; a firefighter is a "пожарникар", and official documents also write "пожарен автомобил"

32. Консулство

    Kon-sul-stvo

    Consulate

    Usage

    Where to go for a replacement passport or emergency help; an embassy is "посолство"

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