Shopping

1. Колко струва това?

   KOL-ko STRU-va TO-va

   How much does this cost?

   Usage

   The most common phrase for asking a price

   Grammar Note

   струва is the third-person singular of "to cost." No case changes needed in Bulgarian

2. Твърде скъпо е

   TVAR-de SKA-po e

   It's too expensive

   Usage

   Expressing that something is too expensive

   Grammar Note

   скъпо is the neuter form of the adjective "expensive," used in predicative position

3. Можете ли да намалите цената?

   mo-ZHE-te li da na-ma-LI-te tse-NA-ta

   Can you lower the price?

   Usage

   Used when negotiating a discount at a market or shop

   Grammar Note

   цената = цена + feminine definite suffix -та. Definite articles are attached as suffixes in Bulgarian

4. Имате ли по-малък размер?

   i-MA-te li po-ma-LAK raz-MER

   Do you have a smaller size?

   Usage

   Looking for a different size when shopping for clothes or shoes

   Grammar Note

   по- is the comparative prefix. малък (small) → по-малък (smaller). No case changes needed

5. Приемате ли карти?

   pri-E-ma-te li KAR-ti

   Do you accept cards?

   Usage

   Checking whether credit/debit cards are accepted

   Grammar Note

   приемате is the formal second-person plural of "to accept." Bulgarian has no cases

6. Просто разглеждам

   PROS-to raz-GLEZH-dam

   I'm just browsing

   Usage

   Responding to a shopkeeper's offer of assistance

   Grammar Note

   разглеждам is the first-person singular present tense. Subject pronouns are usually omitted in Bulgarian

7. Искам да върна това

   IS-kam da VAR-na TO-va

   I'd like to return this

   Usage

   Requesting a return on a purchased item

   Grammar Note

   да върна uses the "да + verb" structure instead of an infinitive, common in Bulgarian

8. Това е за подарък

   TO-va e za po-DA-rak

   This is a gift

   Usage

   Indicating an item is a gift, e.g. for gift wrapping

   Grammar Note

   за means "for." Prepositions do the grammatical work that cases handle in other Slavic languages

9. Имате ли нещо по-евтино?

   i-MA-te li NESH-to po-EV-ti-no

   Do you have something cheaper?

   Usage

   Looking for a more affordable alternative

   Grammar Note

   по-евтино is the comparative of евтино (cheap, neuter). по- prefix forms the comparative in Bulgarian

10. Вземам го

    VZE-mam go

    I'll take it

    Usage

    Indicating you have decided to buy an item

    Grammar Note

    го is the short accusative pronoun for masculine nouns. For feminine: я, for neuter: го

11. Не ми трябва касова бележка

    ne mi TRYAB-va KA-so-va be-LEZH-ka

    I don't need a receipt

    Usage

    Declining a receipt at the till

    Grammar Note

    Same frame as "Не ми трябва" (I don't need it). "Трябвам" takes a dative-like short pronoun ("ми") and agrees with the thing needed; "касова бележка" is feminine singular, so the verb stays "трябва"

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