Numbers

1. едно, две, три

   ED-no, dve, tri

   one, two, three

   Usage

   Basic counting in Bulgarian

   Grammar Note

   едно is the neuter form and две the feminine/neuter form. Only "one" and "two" change for gender (един/една/едно, два/две); три and above are invariable. Bulgarian numerals have no case

2. четири, пет, шест

   che-TI-ri, pet, shest

   four, five, six

   Usage

   Numbers four through six

   Grammar Note

   From четири upward, numerals don't change for gender. The noun following takes plural form

3. седем, осем, девет, десет

   SE-dem, O-sem, DE-vet, DE-set

   seven, eight, nine, ten

   Usage

   Numbers seven through ten

   Grammar Note

   These numerals are invariable. The absence of cases makes Bulgarian numerals easy to use

4. двадесет

   dva-DE-set

   twenty

   Usage

   Commonly used for age, price, and other everyday contexts

   Grammar Note

   двадесет combines два (two) and десет (ten). All multiples of ten follow this compound pattern

5. сто

   sto

   one hundred

   Usage

   Used for prices, distances, and other contexts involving hundreds

   Grammar Note

   сто is invariable. Note: 200=двеста, 300=триста, 400-900 use -стотин suffix

6. хиляда

   hi-LYA-da

   one thousand

   Usage

   Used for large amounts such as prices or distances

   Grammar Note

   хиляда is treated as a feminine noun. Plural: хиляди. No case changes in Bulgarian

7. Колко е часът?

   KOL-ko e CHA-sat

   What time is it?

   Usage

   Asking what time it is

   Grammar Note

   часът uses the long masculine definite suffix -ът, used when the noun is the subject

8. Дайте ми сметката

   DAY-te mi SMET-ka-ta

   Give me the bill

   Usage

   Requesting the bill at a restaurant

   Grammar Note

   ми is the short dative pronoun "to me." Bulgarian has no noun cases but pronouns retain some case forms

9. Мога ли да платя с карта?

   MO-ga li da pla-TYA s KAR-ta

   Can I pay by card?

   Usage

   Asking whether card payment is accepted

   Grammar Note

   с is the preposition "with/by." Prepositions carry grammatical meaning in case-free Bulgarian

10. Нула, половина, четвърт

    NU-la, po-lo-VI-na, chet-VART

    zero, half, quarter

    Usage

    Used for telling time, expressing quantities, and fractions

    Grammar Note

    половина (half) is a noun. Half past two is "два и половина". The short form половин is used before a noun, as in "половин час"

11. На двадесет и седем години съм

    na dva-DE-set i SE-dem go-DI-ni sam

    I'm 27 years old

    Usage

    Answering "На колко години сте?" (How old are you?)

    Grammar Note

    Age is "на + numeral + години", matching the question "На колко години сте?". Bulgarian has lost case, so "години" never changes after a numeral. "Съм" is a clitic and cannot start the sentence

12. Тази година навършвам двадесет и осем години

    TA-zi go-DI-na na-VARSH-vam dva-DE-set i O-sem go-DI-ni

    I turn 28 this year

    Usage

    Saying what age you will reach this year

    Grammar Note

    "Навършвам" is the imperfective verb for reaching a given age; its present tense can refer to the near future. "Тази година" is the same way of saying "this year" as in "Кога е Великден тази година?"

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